• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Agricultural implement for truffle planting, linked to the distal end of an extendable arm mounted on a tractor-caterpillar (1) or comparable vehicle, comprising a first tank (6) containing a liquid mixture carrying truffle spores and a second tank (7) peat container (14), both of which can be pushed towards the outlet of the tanks by pushing means, and a metallic structure (10) carrying a shovel element (15) applicable to the opening of the planting holes and to the subsequent closing of the same once the ingredients have been poured inside. A method implemented with said agricultural implement is also disclosed, which comprises opening each hole with the shovel element (15), pouring inside a quantity of liquid mixture from the first tank (6), pouring a quantity of peat (14), and plug the hole again using the spade element (15). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2810473A1
    申请号:ES201930776
    申请日:2019-09-06
    公开日:2021-03-08
    发明作者:Perez Jose Ramon Redon
    申请人:Perez Jose Ramon Redon；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0004] Technical field of the invention
    [0005] The present invention refers to an agricultural implement for truffle planting, incorporated in an extendable arm transported by a caterpillar tractor or similar vehicle, designed to carry out a truffle planting operation in an automated way and without the intervention of labor. human, except for the tractor operator. The invention also relates to a planting method associated with said agricultural implement supported by said extendable arm.
    [0007] The technical field in which the present invention is inscribed is included within the agricultural sector, especially within the industrial sector dedicated to the design and construction of machinery and devices for automated planting operations, such as in the case of truffle plantation. or other crops.
    [0009] Background of the invention
    [0010] As experts in the field know, the truffle planting process has been carried out manually to date, with the intervention of a notable amount of labor, where a number of people must work in sequence to complete the successive operations necessary to carry out the planting, namely, preparing the holes (or nests) in which the truffles are to be grown, pouring spores, pouring peat, and covering the hole or nest. This operation must be repeated throughout the entire area planned for planting, in the different positions on the ground destined to receive the spores that will later lead to the development of the product, keeping a predetermined distance between contiguous or adjacent nests. As mentioned above, it is a laborious operation, which requires a very high amount of time and must be carried out with at least a minimum amount of labor so that all these operations can be completed in a predetermined time interval. .
    [0012] In addition, there is an additional problem consisting in that the truffle is a delicate product, which requires expert labor, and the plantation must be carried out in a specific time because the temperatures must be within predefined ranges. In the truffle areas of Spain, this season usually covers the month of April until mid-May, so the expert workforce may be insufficient for the current demand, which also helps to increase the cost of related operations. with the truffle plantation.
    [0014] Therefore, it would be desirable to be able to have means that facilitate and expedite operations related to truffle planting so that the various needs can be met within the established deadlines, and in such a way that, if possible, such operations can be carried out by a single person, without the need for them to have extensive experience in the sector.
    [0016] Brief description of the invention
    [0017] The present invention has developed a device of the type of an agricultural implement, by means of which it is possible to achieve the objectives indicated above as desirable, together with a planting method developed specifically for its implementation by means of the aforementioned agricultural implement. For this, the agricultural implement is designed to be mounted on an extendable and rotating arm of a type carried by a tractor-track or similar vehicle, operated only by the operator of the tractor, and comprising a mechanism that includes a shovel element ( for example, a resistant flat metal blade element) by means of which the hole or nest is made, a compressor means that in a preferred embodiment is electrically powered from the tractor battery and that is actuated by the operator by means of a key that determines the opening of a corresponding valve, a tank with the liquid or "sauce" in which the truffle spores are incorporated, the discharge of which is controlled and quantified by the operator, for example by applying pressure from the compressor, a pouring medium of a predetermined quantity of peat contained in a tank equipped with an outlet device that can be of the screw type or adopt any other to an appropriate configuration, and where a blade element can also be operated to close the hole or nest, that is, to pour the same earth previously extracted over the hole or nest once the liquid matter or "sauce" has been incorporated into the hole or nest ”Made up of the set of components. Once the planting in a nest is finished, the operator selects a new position by lengthening or retracting, moving the tractor-crawler and / or rotating the extendable arm as appropriate, to repeat the operation in the new selected position separated from the previous nest, as said, for a distance default. These operations are very fast, easy to carry out, and all controlled by a single person: the tractor operator.
    [0019] With an agricultural implement of the type mentioned above, a planting method is implemented that comprises opening, in each selected position, a hole or nest of predetermined dimensions by applying the shovel element included in the structure of the agricultural implement, this operation being controlled by the operator from the tractor cab; carry out the pouring of a certain quantity of liquid composition containing spores, also called "sauce", from a tank containing said liquid composition, by actuating a means or pushing device, for example a compressor, through a tube with its outlet end located over the hole or nest, for a short period of time previously determined, this operation also being controlled by the operator of the tractor; actuate the means or device for pushing the peat outlet, for example a spindle located inside the container tank for a predetermined time segment, with the outlet end of said tank located on the hole or planting nest, to deposit a selected amount of peat on the components included in the previously liquid matter poured into the hole or nest; and, finally, close the hole or nest with all the ingredients inside, using for this the same earth extracted during the nest opening operation, pushed by the aforementioned shovel element incorporated in the agricultural implement. In this way, the operation of seeding or planting truffle spores is carried out without the need for labor in the field, except for the operator of the machine, simplifying operations, speeding up planting and considerably reducing labor costs.
    [0021] According to the invention, the preparation of the liquid or "sauce" containing the truffle spores can be carried out by the operator himself in the field, since it consists of a mixture of ingredients in the quantitative proportions indicated below. According to a preferred embodiment, said mixture can be prepared in the following way: in a container of appropriate capacity, 5 liters of water are poured and an amount of sodium alginate is added, of the order of approximately 20 grams, performing a mixing operation intensity of both ingredients by means of a stirring device (for example, a mixer type device or similar); then, an amount of approximately 35 g of fine granulated truffle is added to the previous mixture and it is stirred again with intensity until obtaining a new homogeneous mixture. Liquid product of this last mixture thus obtained, usually referred to as "sauce", is introduced into a tank prepared for this purpose and from which the corresponding portion to be deposited in each hole or nest is poured, preferably by applying pressure from the aforementioned compressor when the operator actuates the corresponding valve.
    [0023] In the general configuration of the implement, a second tank or hopper has been arranged, preferably with a considerably higher capacity than that of the first tank, in which a certain amount of peat is introduced, said second tank or hopper counting inside, as mentioned above, with a pushing means or device to drive the peat towards the outlet, which in the present embodiment can be, for example, a device of the type of a rotationally driven spindle by means of a hydraulic, pneumatic, electric motor or of any other type, which is controlled by the machine operator, this second tank or hopper for peat being configured, in the preferred embodiment contemplated in the present embodiment of the invention, with an approximately conical or inverted frusto-conical configuration to facilitate the filling and subsequent pouring of the peat, and ending in a lower outlet mouth of the peat cu While the said device for pushing the peat (for example, a spindle) is actuated and during the time interval that said means or device is moving, for the purposes of dosing the quantity poured. The aforementioned blade element is preferably a blade of generally flat shape, preferably metallic and advantageously prepared for the operations to be carried out, and is located adjacent to the outlet mouth of said second tank for peat, in a substantially position vertical, or with a slight inclination with respect to the vertical, being in charge of making the holes or nests prior to the pouring of the mixture of ingredients into the respective interior of each one of them.
    [0025] With this arrangement, the operator applies / operates the shovel in a specific position on the ground, and by means of a slight retraction of the extendable arm, drags a quantity of earth, thereby opening a hole of reduced dimensions; then, after placing the outlet mouth of the second tank together with the end of the conduit coming from the first tank on the vertical (that is, above) the newly opened orifice, it activates the push means associated with the tank of the liquid mixture that causes its discharge, namely the compressor to deposit a certain amount of the truffle spore carrier liquid obtained by mixing previously carried out and contained in the first tank, and then, it operates the pushing means associated with the peat container tank or hopper that causes its discharge, for example a spindle included in said second tank or hopper to deposit a pre-established metered quantity of peat inside the hole or nest; finally, following the peat deposit operation, the operator again uses the shovel element to push the portion of earth previously extracted during the making of the hole, and thereby cover said hole with all the components inside. This operation is easy and fast, and is repeated in each of the positions selected for planting the truffle. In this way the method described above is implemented.
    [0027] Brief description of the drawings
    [0028] These and other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof, given solely by way of illustrative example and without any limitation whatsoever with reference to the drawings. that are accompanied, in which:
    [0030] Figure 1 is a schematic general view of a machine of the type of a crawler tractor incorporating an extendable carrier arm at its distal end of an agricultural implement for truffle planting according to the invention;
    [0032] Figure 2 is a particularized side view of the implement in order to more clearly show its components;
    [0034] Figure 3 is a detail that shows the interior of the second tank or hopper containing the peat, and of the means for pushing the peat, materialized in the present example as a spindle to push the peat towards the outlet mouth, and
    [0036] Figure 4 illustrates a detail of the lower end of the agricultural implement with the blade element provided for opening and closing the holes or nests.
    [0038] Description of a preferred embodiment
    [0039] As mentioned above, the detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the agricultural implement of the present invention will be carried out making use of the Figures contained in the attached drawings. Thus, attending first to Figure 1 of the drawings, a schematic representation of a Caterpillar-tractor type machine indicated globally by the numerical reference 1, equipped with a conventional type cabin 2 inside which a tractor operator is housed with the ability to control all the movements of the vehicle and the mobile organs associated with it . At the front part of the cabin 2, pivotally linked to its structure, the tractor-caterpillar includes an extendable arm, essentially made up of two sections 3a, 3b successively articulated to each other, with variable positioning by virtue of the action of a first cylinder 4, for example of the hydraulic type, associated with the first section 3a of the extensible arm for pivoting of this first section by virtue of the articulation of its proximal end to the frame of the tractor-crawler 1, and a second cylinder 5, by example of a hydraulic type, extended between a fixed pivot point provided in the first section 3a of the extendable arm and the proximal end of the second section 3b of the extendable arm for pivoting the latter by virtue of its articulation to the distal end of said first extension arm portion 3a.
    [0041] At the distal end of the second section 3b of the extendable arm, the agricultural implement itself is located, essentially constituted by a first tank 6, which in one embodiment can be, for example, generally cylindrical in shape, intended to contain a previously prepared liquid mixture, that is to say, a truffle spore carrier sauce, and a second tank 7, intended to contain peat, which in its most common form of conception will have an appreciably greater capacity than the first tank 6, whose shape The preferred embodiment will be generally conical or inverted frusto-conical to facilitate filling and subsequent exit of the peat, which ends at the bottom in a portion 7a of the outlet tube, which can adopt a cylindrical or any other shape, open at the free lower end, constitutive of the outlet for unloading the peat from inside said second tank 7, said first and second tanks 6, 7 being supported ted by a metal structure 10 pivotally coupled by means of a joint 10a to the distal end of the second section 3b of the extendable arm, and being capable of variable positioning by virtue of the incorporation of a cylinder 17, for example a hydraulic cylinder whose piston acts on an arm 18 articulated at one end in the extendable arm section 3b itself and at the opposite end articulated in a connecting rod integral with said metallic structure 10. A conduit 8 is intended to provide, for example, pushing pressure to the liquid content of the first tank 6 by virtue of the action exerted from a thrust means, such as a compressor (not visible in the Figure), which can be, for example, powered electrically by the battery of the tractor-caterpillar 1 and preferably located inside the cabin 2, operable by the operator of the machine, while from the outlet of said first tank 6 a second conduit 9 extends until reaching a position adjacent to the mouth of the tube 7a of the second tank or hopper 7 for peat, through which second conduit 9 liquid mixture (or sauce) is supplied from inside the first tank 6 to each of the successively selected truffle planting positions.
    [0043] The various components of the agricultural implement of the present invention can be better appreciated in the detail of Figure 2 of the drawings, in which such components of the agricultural implement are shown seen from one side of the machine, in their respective positions supported by the metal frame 10 pivotally linked to the distal end of the second extension arm section 3b.
    [0045] Additionally, Figure 3 of the drawings illustrates a detail in which the interior of the second tank 7 or hopper for peat can be seen. In particular, this detail makes it possible to appreciate the arrangement of a means or push element that facilitates the exit of the peat towards the lower outlet, which in the present embodiment, for example, has been materialized as a spindle 11, but which obviously It can consist of any other means or element that is capable of carrying out the function of pushing and dosing the peat towards the outlet of the tube 7a. The spindle 11 of the present embodiment is located inside said second tank 7 or hopper for peat, located in a position coincident with the longitudinal axis of the truncated cone, with the ability to push the peat 14 downwards for discharge and expulsion. of a quantity thereof, with the particularity that, as shown by the example represented in said Figure 3, a motor 12 has been provided, preferably a hydraulic motor, coupled to the upper end thereof, and therefore supplied with hydraulic fluid by means of conduits 13 connected to the hydraulic system of the tractor-caterpillar 1 and operable at will by the operator of the tractor.
    [0047] Finally, Figure 4 shows an illustrative detail of the metallic structure 10 of the agricultural implement of the invention, seen from the front, where the path of the liquid mixture discharge conduit 9 from the first tank 6 to the end of the liquid mixture is clearly visible. outlet of said tube 7a located in a position adjacent to the external surface of the latter, while in the frontal position the provision of a shovel element 15, which allows the opening and then the covering of the holes or nests during the planting operations and which in the present embodiment is flanked on both sides by a pair of fins 16 that collaborate with the shovel element in the collection of the earth during the operation of opening each hole or nest for the planting of the truffle as in the subsequent closing of said hole or nest, said blade element 15 consisting of, according to the present embodiment of the agricultural implement of the invention, on a metal plate of substantially flat shape, oriented transversely to the forward movement of the vehicle, and preferably with a slight backward inclination with respect to the vertical, all to facilitate ground movement during the operation of opening the hole of planting and the subsequent closing of the latter and resist the multiple opening and closing operations that are carried out. To create the planting hole or nest, with the shovel element 15 resting on the soil surface, the operator performs a backward movement of the agricultural implement by retraction of the second section 3b of the removable arm, thereby pulling off a quantity of land in the area where the blade element 15 is located; then, with the implement located on said hole, the corresponding quantity of liquid mixture is poured through the conduit 9 from the first tank 6 by actuating the pushing means; then a certain amount of peat is poured through the mouth of the tube portion 7a of the lower end of the second tank 7 by actuating the corresponding pushing means; finally, the operator again actuates the implement moving forward by extending the second portion 3b of the extendable arm, with the blade element 15 pushing the soil previously torn off in the opposite direction, and thereby covering the hole with the ingredients already deposited inside. These operations are repeated in each of the holes or nests in which the plantations are made.
    [0049] It should be clarified, for ease of understanding of the description, that the allusion to the terms related to directions, senses or positions of the set or of the various components, must be understood according to the position and orientation in which the set of components that make up the agricultural implement of the invention is represented in the drawings.
    [0051] Industrial applicability
    [0052] As is clear from the preceding description of a preferred embodiment, the invention is particularly applicable in the industrial sector dedicated to the manufacture of agricultural machinery, and especially machines and implements of specific application to truffle plantations.
    [0054] It is not considered necessary to extend the content of this description so that an expert in the field can understand its scope and the advantages derived from it, as well as carry out the practical realization of its object. However, the foregoing, those skilled in the art will be able to understand and determine that within the essentiality of the invention, multiple variations of detail may be introduced, which may affect the shapes, dimensions and sizes, without thereby departing from the scope of the invention according to is defined by the appended claims.
    1
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    1. - Agricultural implement for truffle planting, in particular an agricultural implement mounted on the distal end of an extendable arm associated with a tractor-track (1) or other vehicle, said tractor-track (1) being equipped with a cabin ( 2) for the vehicle operator and said extendable arm comprising a first section (3a) linked at its proximal end pivotally to the frame of the tractor-crawler (1), and a second section (3b) linked pivotally to the distal end of the first section (3a) with an extendable arm by means of a pivoting joint, both sections (3a, 3b) of the extendable arm being associated with cylinders (4, 5), for example hydraulic cylinders fed from the hydraulic system of the tractor-caterpillar (1) , for the relative positioning of both sections (3a, 3b) of the extendable arm, characterized in that the agricultural implement comprises the following components:
    - a first tank (6) destined to contain a liquid mixture, previously prepared, carrying the truffle spores;
    - means for pushing said liquid mixture towards the outlet of the first tank (6) for the discharge of liquid mixture into holes or planting nests;
    - a second tank (7) destined to contain peat, topped at the bottom by means of an outlet opening for the peat contained in its interior,
    - means for pushing said peat towards the outlet of the second tank (7) for the discharge of peat into the planting holes or nests, and
    - A structure (10) that supports the previous components, in charge of making and then covering said holes or nests during the planting operations, which is articulated to the distal end of the extendable arm associated with the tractor-crawler (1) or another vehicle and which is capable of adopting different positions by virtue of the joints available to said extendable arm.
    [2]
    2. - Implement according to claim 1, characterized in that said structure (10) comprises a blade element (15) that allows the opening and then the covering of the holes or nests during planting operations.
    [3]
    3. - Implement according to claim 2, characterized in that the blade element (15) comprises a flat metal plate, located transversely to the forward movement direction of the tractor-caterpillar (1).
    [4]
    Four.
    [5]
    5.
    [6]
    (6) also has a liquid mixture outlet conduit (9) that extends to a position adjacent to the lower outlet mouth of said second tank (7).
    - Implement according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second tank
    [7]
    (7) peat container (14) comprises the means of pushing the peat (14), to discharge a metered quantity of peat (14) in each hole or nest through the outlet mouth included in a tube portion (7 a) lower.
    - Implement according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pushing means in charge of providing liquid mixture towards the outlet of the first tank (6), comprise a compressor controlled by the operator of the tractor-crawler (1) that applies pressure to said deposit.
    [8]
    8.
    [9]
    9.
    [10]
    10. - Implement according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second tank (7) to contain peat is conical or frustoconical.
    [11]
    eleven.
    [12]
    12. - Method for planting truffles implemented by means of the agricultural implement of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it comprises:
    - actuating the blade element (15) supported by the structure (10) successively in each of the selected soil positions to open holes or planting nests;
    - placing the outlet mouth of the second tank (7) peat container and the outlet end of the first tank (6) containing a truffle spore-bearing liquid mixture, above each respective hole or open planting nest;
    - applying push means to the first tank (6) containing the liquid mixture for pouring through the outlet of a metered quantity of this mixture into each hole or nest previously made;
    - applying pushing means to the second tank (7) for a certain time and thereby causing the exit of a metered quantity of peat through the outlet mouth of said second tank (7) into the hole or nest previously made , and
    - Acting again the blade element (15) supported by the structure (10) in the opposite direction to deposit again, on the hole or nest, the earth previously removed during the opening operation.
    1
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2810473B2|2021-11-08|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR2642262A1|1989-02-02|1990-08-03|Chatut Jean|Method of intensive truffle-growing of an industrial nature|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201930776A|ES2810473B2|2019-09-06|2019-09-06|AGRICULTURAL APERO FOR TRUFFLE PLANTING AND ASSOCIATED PLANTING METHOD|ES201930776A| ES2810473B2|2019-09-06|2019-09-06|AGRICULTURAL APERO FOR TRUFFLE PLANTING AND ASSOCIATED PLANTING METHOD|
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